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Compare French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2002) - Nauru (2001)

Compare French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2002) z Nauru (2001)

 French Southern and Antarctic Lands (2002)Nauru (2001)
 French Southern and Antarctic LandsNauru
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 districts named Ile Crozet, Iles Kerguelen, and Iles Saint-Paul et Amsterdam; excludes "Adelie Land" claim in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US 14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren
Age structure - 0-14 years:
40.33% (male 2,510; female 2,365)

15-64 years:
57.97% (male 3,475; female 3,533)

65 years and over:
1.7% (male 103; female 102) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products - coconuts
Airports none (2001) 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 7,829 sq km


land: 7,829 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen; excludes "Adelie Land" claim of about 500,000 sq km in Antarctica that is not recognized by the US		 total:
21 sq km

land:
21 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly less than 1.3 times the size of Delaware about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Southern Lands consist of two archipelagos, Iles Crozet and Iles Kerguelen, and two volcanic islands, Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul. They contain no permanent inhabitants and are visited only by researchers studying the native fauna. The Antarctic portion consists of "Adelie Land," a thin slice of the Antarctic continent discovered and claimed by the French in 1840. Nauru's phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium; the island was occupied by Australian forces in World War I. Upon achieving independence in 1968, Nauru became the smallest independent republic in the world; it joined the UN in 1999.
Birth rate - 27.22 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget - revenues:
$23.4 million

expenditures:
$64.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY95/96)
Capital - no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
Climate antarctic tropical; monsoonal; rainy season (November to February)
Coastline 1,232 km 30 km
Constitution - 29 January 1968
Country name conventional long form: Territory of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands


conventional short form: French Southern and Antarctic Lands


local long form: Territoire des Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises


local short form: Terres Australes et Antarctiques Francaises		 conventional long form:
Republic of Nauru

conventional short form:
Nauru

former:
Pleasant Island
Currency - Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate - 7.2 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external - $33.3 million
Dependency status overseas territory of France since 1955; administered from Paris by Administrateur Superieur Francois GARDE (since 24 May 2000), assisted by Secretary General Jean-Yves HERMOSO (since NA) -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of France) the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of France) Nauru does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a UN office at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, New York 10017; telephone: (212) 937-0074

consulate(s):
Hagatna (Guam)
Disputes - international "Adelie Land" claim in Antarctica is not recognized by the US none
Economic aid - recipient - $2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.)
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to servicing meteorological and geophysical research stations and French and other fishing fleets. The fish catches landed on Iles Kerguelen by foreign ships are exported to France and Reunion. Revenues of this tiny island have come from exports of phosphates, but reserves are expected to be exhausted within five to ten years. Phosphate production has declined since 1989, as demand has fallen in traditional markets and as the marginal cost of extracting the remaining phosphate increases, making it less internationally competitive. While phosphates have given Nauruans one of the highest per capita incomes in the Third World, few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, including fresh water from Australia. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income have been invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. The government has been borrowing heavily from the trusts to finance fiscal deficits. To cut costs the government has called for a freezing of wages, a reduction of over-staffed public service departments, privatization of numerous government agencies, and closure of some overseas consulates. In recent years Nauru has encouraged the registration of offshore banks and corporations. Tens of billions of dollars have been channeled through their accounts. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's per capita GDP varying widely.
Electricity - consumption - 27.9 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 30 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Ross on Iles Kerguelen 1,850 m		 lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m
Environment - current issues NA limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8%
Exchange rates - Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.7995 (January 2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997), 1.2773 (1996)
Executive branch - chief of state:
President Bernard DOWIYOGO (since 19 April 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Bernard DOWIYOGO (since 19 April 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament

elections:
president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 8 April 2000 (next to be held NA 2003)

election results:
Bernard DOWIYOGO elected president by a vote in Parliament of nine to eight

note:
former President Rene HARRIS was deposed in a no-confidence vote; this is the eighth change of government in Nauru since the fall of the Lagumont HARRIS government in a no-confidence motion in early November 1996; six of the last eight governments have resulted because of parliamentary no-confidence motions
Exports - $25.3 million (f.o.b., 1991)
Exports - commodities - phosphates
Exports - partners - Australia, NZ
Fiscal year - 1 July - 30 June
Flag description the flag of France is used blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru
GDP - purchasing power parity - $59 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 43 00 S, 67 00 E 0 32 S, 166 55 E
Geography - note islands component is widely scattered across remote locations in the southern Indian Ocean Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator
Highways - total:
30 km

paved:
24 km

unpaved:
6 km (1998 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $21.1 million (c.i.f., 1991)
Imports - commodities - food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery
Imports - partners - Australia, UK, NZ, Japan
Independence - 31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - phosphate mining, financial services, coconut products
Infant mortality rate - 10.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - -3.6% (1993)
International organization participation - ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, ICAO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court
Labor force - by occupation - employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (1998 est.)		 arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
100% (1993 est.)
Languages - Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes
Legal system the laws of France, where applicable, apply acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law
Legislative branch - unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)

elections:
last held 9 April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2003)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 18
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
61.2 years

male:
57.7 years

female:
64.88 years (2001 est.)
Literacy - definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location south of Africa, islands in the southern Indian Ocean, about equidistant between Africa, Antarctica, and Australia; note - French Southern and Antarctic Lands include Ile Amsterdam, Ile Saint-Paul, Iles Crozet, and Iles Kerguelen in the southern Indian Ocean, along with the French-claimed sector of Antarctica, "Adelie Land"; the US does not recognize the French claim to "Adelie Land" Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands
Map references Antarctic Region Oceania
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone: 200 NM from Iles Kerguelen only


territorial sea: 12 NM		 contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 71 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,815,472 GRT/4,806,161 DWT


ships by type: bulk 5, cargo 5, chemical tanker 13, container 11, liquefied gas 7, petroleum tanker 19, roll on/roll off 11


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Belgium 2, France 62, Japan 3, Monaco 1, Norway 5, Sweden 1 (2002 est.)		 none (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia
Military branches - no regular armed forces; Directorate of the Nauru Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA%
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
3,018 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
1,661 (2001 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 31 January (1968)
Nationality - noun:
Nauruan(s)

adjective:
Nauruan
Natural hazards Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul are extinct volcanoes periodic droughts
Natural resources fish, crayfish phosphates
Net migration rate - 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders - loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal) [Bernard DOWIYOGO]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants (July 2002 est.)


note: in 2002, there were 145 researchers whose numbers vary from winter (July) to summer (January)		 12,088 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 2% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only Nauru
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 7,000 (1997)
Railways - total:
5 km; note - used to haul phosphates from the center of the island to processing facilities on the southwest coast
Religions - Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio - at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.01 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage - 20 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system - general assessment:
adequate local and international radiotelephone communications provided via Australian facilities

domestic:
NA

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 2,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 450 (1994)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (1997)
Terrain volcanic sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center
Total fertility rate - 3.61 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate - 0%
Waterways none none
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